Revelation chapter 12 contains a description of a woman, who is clothed with the sun, with the moon under her feet, and a crown of twelve stars atop her head. Even so, multitudes will come to faith during this period of intense persecution as the message of the various witnesses which God has specially equipped for the time of the end goes forth (Rev. (Revelation 13:1-4 NIV) John saw this beast rising out of the sea, which, as we have seen several times in Revelation, is a symbol of the Gentile nations of the ancient world. Rev. This dragon passed its dominion over to a beast that arose out of the sea – a government that came up from among the irreligious masses. Up to this point, the prophecy dealing with the Persian and Grecian Empires has been fulfilled minutely and with amazing precision. The Beast will openly defy God, and set himself in determined opposition to all who are His (v. 6). They are seven kings (Rev. The chapter is one connected prophecy given in vision to Daniel (Daniel 7:1-28), stretching from the advent of the conqueror of Judah to the seat of universal sovereignty, and on through the ages till the star of Judah is again in the ascendant; in other words, from the reign of Nebuchadnezzar to that of Christ as Son of Man. The fact, however, that they were upon the heads is important, for there can Le little doubt that we have in this a mocking caricature of the name borne upon the forehead of the high priest, and transferred in this book to Christ’s faithful people (comp. See #22 - Ten Horns/Kings. The horns now wear the crowns, not the heads, as before, chap Revelation 12:1; indicating that the power has been transferred to them. Yet there are some differences in the descriptions of these heads, horns, and crowns. Rev. { Revelation 17:12} See the expositon thereof. 13:3-8+ it is a person that is before us. on the heads of the dragon, but no, they are on the Beast, for he it is who is to be the public witness of direct and flagrant opposition to God and His Anointed, and to all Heaven as well. [Note: Mounce, p251.]. See Revelation 17:3. See also Andy M. Woods, "The First Beast of Revelation 13Has Not Yet Appeared in World History: A Comparison of the Preterist and Futurist Views" (Th.M. That being so the seven mountains are (or include) the seven mountains on which Rome is built and the seven kings are selected Roman Emperors in some kind of sequence, selected in order to make up the number seven (as with genealogies this does not exclude the possibility of gaps in the sequence). Rev. These are the ten horns which Daniel saw upon the fourth terrible beast in his night vision (Dan. 17:15+).7 Here, it merely describes the position of John on the shore from where he observed the beasts rise from the water. If the letter is properly dropped, it indicates that the dragon himself stood upon the sand of the sea. 4:1+); the sand of the sea (Rev. Roman ships literally seemed to be rising out of the sea as they appeared on the horizon off the coast of Asia Minor. Read full chapter Revelation 12:17), in order to serve him and be his vicegerent among men. Ten horns.âThe beast has, besides seven heads, ten horns, which are explained further on (Revelation 17:12) as âthe kings which have received no kingdom as yet,â but which, when they rise, will draw their strength from the dragon and be members of the wild beast. The sea represents the great, restless mass of human kind; or, as it is expressed in Revelation 17:15, âpeoples and multitudes.â St. James represented an undecided man as a wave driven by the wind (James 1:6). Dan. 11:7+, Rev. The beast had many of the same characteristics as the dragon. Revelation 19:12 where He who is described as ‘King of kings and Lord of lords’ has upon His head ‘many diadems,’ ‘tokens of the many royalties—of earth, of heaven, and of hell (Philippians 2:10)—which are His’ (Trench, Syn. So Ewald’s Hebrew terms for Cesar of Rome are hardly one name, but two, or else a title and a name. [Note: Walvoord, The Revelation . Stretch out Your hand from above; Rescue me and deliver me out of great waters, From the hand of foreigners [lit. Now these ten crowned horns are ten kings (Revelation 17:12). And the ten horns which you saw on the beast, these will hate the harlot, make her desolate and naked, eat her flesh and burn her with fire. Dan. went off to make war with the rest of her offspring, The dragon, cast out of Heaven after his final defeat at the hands of Michael and his forces, comes to the earth looking for an instrument through whom he can carry on his warfare against his hated Creator and God.. This passage was written specifically to the seven churches who were facing such evil worldly persecuting powers such as Rome, which invaded and destroyed Jerusalem, then oppressed those in Asia Minor; also, the evil local officials and the Parthian invaders that persecuted and even destroyed the seven churches as described in Revelation, chapter nine.… The10 regal crowns are symbols of governmental authority (cf. 87:4; Ps. Ps. But the mention of the leopard, bear, and lion, answering to the first three kingdoms (Daniel 7:4-6), and the little horn of Daniel 8:1-27, and "wilful king," Revelation 11:1-19, arising out of the third, make it likely that the Antichrist about to oppress Israel is to arise from the east, the Greek empire, rather than the west: Gog, Meshech, and Tubal (Ezekiel 38:1-23, notes). 16:13+; Rev. The Roman Empire was the fourth and last of the "four world empires" as they are familiarly termed. In the Poetic or allegorical view, the Book of Revelation isn’t literal or historic. 17:12-13+). 17:9-10+).15 One of the heads of the Beast receives a deadly wound which is healed (Rev. … strange children] (Ps. In the previous chapter, we saw a dragon with seven heads and ten horns who attempted to intercept the promised child and subsequently persecuted the woman who gave birth to the child. Read "names". There is much of significancy in this. 1. The heads carry the names of blasphemy. See Beasley-Murray, pp210-11, and Swete, p163, for a good summary of the Nero redivivus view. Ancient Rome was heathen in character. And so Ferdinand Benary’s solution, in Hebrew, Nero Cesar, is a name and title, and is excluded. Verse 1 tells us that the Roman Empire is going to exercise great power and authority. 8 J. iii. The heads represent seven world kingdoms which culminate in the Beast as the seventh which had not yet come in Johns day (Rev. 12:17+) must be those who are subsequently persecuted within chapter Rev. Roman ships literally seemed to be rising out of the sea as they appeared on the horizon off the coast of Asia Minor." has successively brought upon the scene of action as the representatives of different empires John has here combined in one monster. The wild beast is a clone of the red monster who is described similarly (Revelation 12:3 compare also Daniel 7:7), and from whom he gains his authority (Revelation 13:4). Therefore, the beast rises from the region of the Mediterranean. It is not simply a beast but a wild beast, unrestrained in its fierce and destructive rage. The Beast ridden by the Harlot also has ten horns (Rev. To a careless observer the empire in its vast strength and territorial extent would be most striking, but to a reflecting mind its blasphemous character as displayed in its heads, its governing authority, is an awful sight to contemplate. Revelation 13:13-17. Or. As is frequently the case in the prophetic scriptures, the king and his kingdom are here inseparably united. 3 Though the Holy Spirit [will be] taken out of the way (2Th. Dan. Moreover, he is the object of worship and aided in this role by the second beast (Rev. The blasphemous name or names are an indication of his character. xvii12 ..." [Note: Swete, p161. Thus the wild beast itself may originally represent Augustus, who first accepted the title of ‘divine Emperor’ (although divinity had attached to previous Caesars), but as the head of the continuing Roman Empire which arose from the sea of peoples. Deu. I stood. There shall then be but one ruler over the empire, the "little horn" of Daniel 7:1-28, the Roman prince who makes a covenant with the apostate nation for seven years (Daniel 9:27), breaks it in the midst of the period, and finally perishes at the Coming of the Lord in judgment (Revelation 19:20). [Note: John F. Walvoord, "Revival of Rome," Bibliotheca Sacra126:504 (October-December1969):323. 47) with the blasphemous names. So B, Coptic; but 'Aleph (') A C, Vulgate, Syriac, 'He stood.' But neither is the little horn or many of the other names which apply throughout Scripture to this individual, here designated as the first beast. It may be that out of the general collapse of all governing authority under the sixth Seal (Revelation 6:12-17) the Beast emerges. 1. â "The sand of the sea" on which the Seer stood denotes vast multitudes of people (Revelation 20:8). Both are future. What does this verse really mean? This would make Domitian the sixth and the seventh an unknown yet to come. This Beast is without doubt the ancient Roman empire reappearing upon the prophetic scene. 1 Some infer from the placement of the material of chapter 13 following upon the plight of the woman in chapter 12 that the rest of her offspring (Rev. This awful feature was introduced on the accession of the Caesars to imperial dominion.} There is precedence for the Gentile origin of Antichrist in the Old Testament allusions, and the Jewish identification may be strengthened if here the earth has technical sense of the land [of Israel] as it sometimes may in Revelation (Rev. Out of the sea (Daniel 7:3; note, Daniel 8:8) - out of the troubled waves of peoples, multitudes, nations, and tongues (Revelation 17:15). [Note: Swete, p158; Mounce, pp249-50; Morris, p165.] Although Zöckler and others attempt to relate Daniel Dan. Name of blasphemy. With this interpretation set, we can look at Revelation 13:1-10 and notice what is being prophesied about the Roman Empire. . 7:1 are to be restored, and play their final parts immediately before the Millennium. Thus, believers today will not see the rise of the Beast and the events of this chapter, for they are to watch for the imminent return of Christ, not the rise of Antichrist. He will be the deification of secular authority. Rev. shorn of their strength, are at the end merely existing, but the fourth (the Roman) will be, as in the past, the dominant power on earth. And upon his heads the name of blasphemy; upon whose head is the name of blasphemy. Revelation 12:3); the order only, for the reason already spoken of, being different. ], Revelation 17).The view that the first beast is a real person who will rule the world during the Great Tribulation (. rise up = coming up, as Revelation 7:2 (ascending). The sea-beast comprises both the east and west: the earth-beast comes from the east. d. These are of one mind, and they will give their power and authority to the beast. (Rev. Use this table to get a word-for-word translation of the original Greek Scripture. John saw the beast as he was rising. 13:16-17+; Rev. By the beast here, we may understand the beast of the eighth head, Revelation 17:11 -See KNOLLYS: Revelation 17:11 the popedom of Rome papal, with his ten crowned horns; horns, which Mr. Meade faith, are, first, the Britans; Secondly, the Saxons; Thirdly, the Franks; Fourthly, the Burgundians; Fifthly, the Wisigothes; Sixthly, the Swedes; Seventhly, the Vandals; Eighthly, the Alemans; Ninthly, the Ostrogoths; Tenthly, the Grecians. He became a beast in uttering them; but the spirit of them went through all the world-powers, from the days of Lamech (Genesis 4:23-24) and Babel (Genesis 11:4) to the days when Roman poets prostituted their pens in abject flattery of emperors, and a degraded people welcomed them as gods, and put those to death who refused to offer frankincense and wine to the images of those who wore the purple. "{*The Revised Version reads, the dragon "went away to make war." As we discuss in Beasts, Heads, and Horns, the symbolism of the revelation given to both Daniel and John concerning this time of the end often blurs the distinction between an individual and the government which he leads: There can be no kingdom without a king, and no empire without an emperor; neither can there be a king in fact without a kingdom. 13:4+) indicates that he is a human being. I saw a beast John sees two beasts in this chapter. Revelation 17:11-12, where the figure before us is interpreted, it is said that the ten horns are ten kings receiving their power along with the beast who had been spoken of as the ‘eighth.’ The beast before us is thus at no early stage of its progress. Name of blasphemy. He summoned aid from Rome. by the first of these two beasts understand antichrist, and others would have antichrist to be meant by one of the two, yet this is not to be looked upon as absolutely certain, not being witnessed by the consent of primitive Fathers. [Note: Robertson, 6:397; Johnson, p523; Mounce, p248.] Revelation 12:3). It is a question how we are to think of the distribution of the horns. 10:7 citation of Deu. All of these kings were under the control and inï¬uence of Pagan Rome which was in opposition to the authority of the Lord, hence their language would be that of blasphemy (evil speaking) against Him. The empire is to exist for seven years, but when it comes up at first it will do so out of a political and social chaos, while in its last and final stage its diabolic origin and character are intimated. Job 26:12-13; Psalm 74:13-14; Psalm 87:4; Psalm 89:9-10; Isaiah 27:1; Isaiah 51:9-10; Isaiah 57:20; Daniel 7:3; Romans 10:7). As in Daniel wild beasts are both kings and kingdoms, and heads and horns arising represent kings resulting from or connected with the first king. A. 13:2+ portrays both the Empire and its last Emperor.9, Is the beast out of the sea a man or an empire? 14:6+).3. There will be witnessed soon ten distinct kingdoms in western Europe. The Beast from the Sea —Revelation 13:1-18. chap. His ten horns first become visible. The seven kingdoms, or heads of the wild beast, are more distinctly explained in Revelation 17:10. 13:1+. This calm usurpation of divine honours was inexplicable except on the supposition (Revelation 13:2) that the empire was a tool or agent of the devil himself. Dan. 11:36. 17:3+). Just as the Hebrew prophet by the river Ulai beheld the rise of the Persian and Grecian empires their conflicts and history (Daniel 8:1-27), so the christian seer on the sand of the sea beheld the reappearance of the fourth Beast â Rome in imperial splendour emerging out of the wild and tumultuous forces of a revolutionary crisis.} And I saw a beast rising up out of the sea, having [] seven heads and ten horns, and on his horns ten crowns, and on his heads a blasphemous name. Revelation 17:15; Daniel 7:2-3). THE 7 HEADS ARE 7 MOUNTAINS. "The ten-nation confederacy of the future anticipated in these prophecies [i.e, Daniel 2, 7] would naturally be considered a revival of the Roman Empire if for no other reason than that it is portrayed as an integral part of the fourth empire. 13:1+, Rev. 14:1+), both are conquerors (Rev. Rev. In the history of the empire it never had this character. Dan. So Latin is the proper name of the Roman State, or ruler, or citizen. The ten horns are identified for us: The ten horns which you saw are ten kings who have received no kingdom as yet, but they will receive authority for one hour as kings with the beast. [Note: Philip E. Hughes, The Book of Revelation, p145.] 7:1 the first, second and fourth kingdoms are not said to have more than one head, but the third has four heads (Dan. The Book of Revelation has fascinated readers for nearly 2,000 years. Rev. However they also correspond to the features of the fourth kingdom that Daniel saw in his vision (cf. In this chapter we only have the application of the heads. 13:1. The imperial system, especially with its demand for imperial worship, appeared the embodiment of irreverence and profane infatuation (Revelation 13:6). The beast had seven heads and ten horns, and was the symbol of the great power of Rome. By now, the Restrainer has been taken out of the way resulting in the departure of the Church in the Rapture. Rev. 8:9).11, Christs inheritance is not only the Church which is the pearl of great price for which He sold all that He had, but it also includes Israel which is the treasure hidden in the field and which He purchased with His own blood and which He hid again.12, The treasure [Mtt. The key is thus placed in our hands. So 'Aleph (') C, Coptic, Andreas; but A B, Vulgate, 'names,' etc.-namely, a name on each of the heads; blasphemously arrogating attributes of God (note, Revelation 17:3). Standing on the sand of the sea, Satan gave his power to the beast rising out of the sea. .âTranslate, And I saw a wild beast rising out of the sea, having ten horns and seven heads, and upon his horns ten diadems, and upon his heads names of blasphemy.âThe wild beast rises out of the sea. America, for instance, is a proper name of a whole country or territory. If so, then her offspring would include all who refuse to take the mark, both Jew and Gentile. 6 Donald Grey Barnhouse, Revelation (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House, 1971), Rev. So did and which, as the inscriptions prove, were freely applied to the emperors, from Augustus onwards. Rev. "There are a number of suggestions as to why the diadems are placed on the horns rather than on the heads of the beast. These world-powers are spoken of as mountains for their strength and stability; as heads of the wild beast because, though separate, they are inspired by the dragon spirit, the spirit of utter enmity to the rule of the Righteous King. having, &c. The texts read "having ten horns and seven heads". out of the sea Daniels four beasts also were seen rising from the sea (Dan. . The first beast is closely identified with the dragonhaving seven heads and ten horns. Seven heads: universal authority and rule [in this world]. Ann. They are seven kings, the eighth, and is of the seven, and is going to perdition, The ten horns which you saw are ten kings who have received no kingdom as yet, but they will receive authority for one hour as kings with the beast. 74:13-14; Ps. It was under Tiberius that the male child was taken up to God’s throne, a suitable starting point for the seven. There we read that five are fallen, one was in possession of power, and the seventh had not yet arisen. [Alan F. Johnson, Revelation: The Expositors Bible Commentary (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House, 1966), Rev. Dan. Hengstenberg remarks, "One cannot decide on external grounds between the two readings." Then I saw a beast rising up out of the sea. ., p193.]. The rest of the chapter is devoted in the main to the consideration of the fourth Beast, characterised but not named (v. 7). Note: Revelation 13 introduces us to a beast of a similar description (Revelation 13:1) and Revelation 17:9-12 identifies the beast as a world empire with its allied satellite nations. That is why the eighth is ‘of the seven’ meaning that he also relates to the Emperors or is of the same essential make-up. It is the great force of the world-power, which in every age has been antagonistic to the power of right. See commentary on Revelation 13:2. are hardly one name, but two, or else a title and a name. Hence, the world-powers seeking their own glory, not God's, are beasts; Nebuchadnezzar, when in self-deification he forgot that "the most High ruleth in the kingdom of men," was driven among the beasts. 5:8+; Rev. 13:1+ that there is something more than the Empire here in view. Revelation 13:1 And I stood upon the sand of the sea, and saw a beast rise up out of the sea, having seven heads and ten horns, and upon his horns ten crowns, and upon his heads the name of blasphemy. do not symbolize victory, but rather show that this “universal authority” has been arrogantly seized. The sea may represent the mass of humanity (cf. 13:18+). Caligula commanded that his image should be placed in the temple to be worshipped side by side with Jehovah. Revelation 13:1-18. When the monster stands on the sand of the sea it is in order to specifically utilise the services of this great beast, which he will empower and control, against the people of God. His number is 666. 13:8+) to refer to the neuter θηρίον [thērion] (Rev. Compare Daniel 7:2. universal authority and rule [in this world]. It is true that the sentence has a connection with that chapter, but it is also closely linked with what follows. Hence the ten horns (successive monarchs in the Danielic oracle) are superfluous here, except as an archaic, pictorial detail in the sketch of this polycephalous brute. This is the rise of the Antichrist,2 whose activities are key to The 70th Week of Daniel. 2 We note that the term Antichrist is not used by John in the book of Revelation. In most interpretations, this is the end-times figure popularly referred to as the Antichrist (Revelation 13:1–10). There is quite a difference in translation between "the dragon stood" and "I stood." Ed.) 17:10+). The seven heads are explained at Revelation 12:3, referring to the literal or geographical fact that the city of Rome is situated upon seven hills. That means also that it was before the beginning of the Dark Ages of1260 years. Rev. Now the beast which I saw was like a leopard, his feet were like the feet of a bear, and his mouth like … He is also the beast whose deadly wound was healed. In Revelation 13:2 is first mentioned the leopard or third empire. The word of the original translated ‘beast’ has occurred only once before (at chap. 13 And I saw a beast rising out of the sea, o with ten horns and seven heads, with ten diadems on its horns and p blasphemous names on its heads. John received more information about the identity of these heads, horns, and diadems in chapter17. Dan. of
27:1; Isa. Some make this sentence a separate verse, and insert it as the closing verse of Revelation 12. 17:8+). Faber explains the healing of the deadly wound to be the revival of the Napoleonic dynasty after its overthrow at Waterloo. 17:3+). For more than fourteen hundred years the western Roman empire has ceased to exist,{* Rome fell A.D. 476. He bears them to demonstrate that he is Satan’s representative at this time. This fact is demonstrated by the symbolism of the beasts of Daniel Dan. Then I saw a beast coming up out of the sea, having ten horns and seven heads, and on his horns were ten diadems, and on his heads were blasphemous names. Historical revival `` out of the Nero redivivus view his kingdom are here seen and. She rides upon, or title blasphemous names on its horns risen, the.... In existence or only being formed during the time of the initial of... Region of the Nero redivivus view in other words, on the earth, which supporteth the worship the... 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