The California diet: An inappropriate tool for studies of thermogenesis. 38:212-217. Some of the most important animals include primates, bats and bees. Nutrient Requirements of Swine. Anim. 37:287-298. Kempthorne, O., 1957. New York: Gustav, Fischer Verlag. Vertical height, structuring of the space, and enrichments can clearly affect animals' use of space. 1993. Bernstein, I. S. 1964. A list of our real estate licenses is available here.TREC: Information about brokerage services, Consumer protection noticeCalifornia DRE #1522444Contact Zillow Inc. 31(4):386-390. Lab Anim. J. Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email. Such animal records are essential for genetic management and historical assessments of colonies. Garrard, C., C. A. Harrison, and J. S. Weiner. Auditory sensitivity at high frequencies in mammals. Gill. A., J. Sahenk, and J. R. Mendell. They cannot substitute for good sanitation practices or for the provision of adequate ventilation, and they expose animals to volatile compounds that might alter basic physiologic and metabolic processes. Brainard, C. C., M. K. Vaughan, and R. J. Reiter. Festing, M. F. W., K. Kondo, R. Loosli, S. M. Poiley, and A. Spiegel. Because the albino rat is more susceptible to phototoxic retinopathy than other species, it has been used as a basis for establishing room illumination levels (Lanum 1979). 1985. Lab. Kraft, L. M. 1980. Prolonged exposure to acid. Calorie restriction is an accepted practice for long-term housing of some species, such as some rodents and rabbits, and as an adjunct to some clinical and surgical procedures. continued housing of animals for any reason. Effect of audiogenic stimulation on genital function and reproduction. Laboratory animal management: Genetics. Am. Lab. Behavioral responses of unrelated adult male rhesus monkeys familiarized and paired for the purpose of environmental enrichment. 1991. For example, the housing provider may ask persons who are seeking a reasonable accommodation for an assistance animal to provides emotional support to provide documentation from a physician, psychiatrist, social worker, or other mental health professional that the animal provides emotional support that alleviates one or more of the identified symptoms or effects of … Depression of macrophages in mice drinking hyperchlorinated water. The committee discusses areas that require policy attention: the role and function of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, protocols for animal care and use, occupational health and safety, personnel qualifications, and other areas. Nutr. 35:1125-1132. These animals provide comfort and emotional support to individuals experiencing mental impairments and psychiatrist disabilities. Lab. US Department of Agriculture: National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health: Primate Information Center, University of Washington. which could be life-threatening. Environmental effects on animals used in biomedical research. Am. Environ. 1991. Space allocations for animals should be based on the following tables, but might need to be increased, or decreased with approval of the IACUC, on the basis of criteria previously listed. during an animal health emergency, assistance from emergency responders may be required. This is the case even if you have a no-pets policy. 1993. Anim. g Callitrichidae, Cebidae. Fertil. Urinary cortisol responses of longtailed macaques to five cage sizes. 273 pp. You can also not allow pets — just be explicit about it in your listing and in your lease. Basic data standards for primate colonies. Temperature Regulation in Laboratory Animals. A report of the Committee on Animal Nutrition. Cramer, D. V. 1983. Available data indicate that temperature, humidity, and concentrations of gases and particulate matter are often higher in an animal's microenvironment than in the macroenvironment (Besch 1980; Flynn 1959; Gamble and Clough 1976; Murakami 1971; Serrano 1971). Festing. 15(6):25-9. The manufacture, shipping and receiving, and quality control of rodent bedding materials. Folia Primatol. Lab. Science 179:896-897. Compendium on Cont. Grant, E. C., and J. H. Mackintosh. Room air is mixed with at least 50% fresh air (that is, the supply air does not exceed 50% recycled air). Solid-bottom caging, with bedding, is therefore recommended for rodents. Space allocations should be re-evaluated to provide for enrichment of the primary enclosure or to accommodate animals that exceed the weights in the table. Radioactive wastes should be maintained in properly labeled containers. Manufacturing, monitoring, and storage methods used by vendors should be considered when purchasing bedding products. Comparative activity of fenoxycarb and hydroprene in sterilizing the German cockroach (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae). I-P edition. White, and C. M. Lang. appropriate, create static-pressure differentials between adjoining spaces. Sanitation—the maintenance of conditions conducive to health—involves bedding change (as appropriate), cleaning, and disinfection. Clin. A decision to alter the frequency of cage-bedding changes or cage-washing should be based on such factors as the concentration of ammonia, the appearance of the cage, the condition of the bedding and the number and size of animals housed in the cage. 1986. All rights reserved. Proc. Vandenbergh, J. C. 1989. Minimal required ventilation is determined by calculating the amount of cooling required (total cooling load) to control the heat load expected to be generated by the largest number of animals to be housed in the enclosure in question plus any heat expected to be produced by nonanimal sources and heat transfer through room surfaces. Environments should be designed to accommodate animals that make noise, rather than resorting to methods of noise reduction. A report of the Committee on Animal Nutrition. Influence of noise on animals. NRC (National Research Council). These systems should be properly maintained and monitored appropriately to maximize their effectiveness. These limitations should be balanced against the benefits of having the animals live in more natural conditions. Anim. NRC (National Research Council). The diurnal susceptibility of rat retinal photoreceptors to light-induced damage. Physiol. One thing to keep in mind: Some insurance companies and homeowners associations have breed restrictions or other pet rules, so check before updating your rental agreement. Feeders should be designed and placed to allow easy access to food and to minimize contamination with urine and feces. Infectious animal carcasses can be incinerated on-site or collected by a licensed contractor. i Apes weighing over 50 kg are more effectively housed in permanent housing of masonry, concrete, and wire-panel structure than in conventional caging. Cryopreservation of fertilized embryos, ova, or spermatozoa. Chronic noise stress and insulin secretion in male rats. Such animal performance indexes as health, reproduction, growth, behavior, activity, and use of space can be used to assess the adequacy of housing. Mofiett Field. S. Erichsen, and H. A. Solleveld. Nutrient Requirements of Sheep. If you wish to report an issue or seek an accommodation, please let us know. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. Table 2.3 lists recommended space allocations for farm animals commonly used in a laboratory setting. Sci. Year. J. Pathol. Assistance animals are not pets — they’re assistants to people who have a disability. Less-durable materials, such as wood, can provide a more appropriate environment in some situations (such as runs, pens, and outdoor corrals) and can be used to construct perches, climbing structures, resting areas, and perimeter fences for primary enclosures. 1986. Genetic monitoring techniques in rats. Many factors should be considered in planning for adequate and appropriate physical and social environment, housing, space, and management. Cercopithecidae, and Papio. 11:137. Conversely, some animals, such as various species of nonhuman primates, might need additional individual space when group-housed to reduce the level of aggression. Pp.1-7 in Genetic Variants and Strains of the Laboratory Mouse, M. C. Green. Nutrient Requirements of Horses. Back If the specialized enclosures contain adequate particulate and gaseous filtration to address contamination risks, recycled air may be used in the secondary enclosures. Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book. It is good practice to use disposable liners and to wash containers and implements regularly. Gordon, C. J. Purchasers are encouraged to consider manufacturers'. International Committee on Standardized Genetic Nomenclature for Mice. Laboratory Animal Handbooks 7. There are several options for effective waste disposal. Do you enjoy reading reports from the Academies online for free? NRC (National Research Council). 1970. Your listing will appear on Zillow, Trulia and HotPads. housing. Illumination of laboratory animal quarters: Participation of light irradiance and. Behav. Brain, P., and D. Bention. The veterinarian or facility manager, in consultation with investigators, should select the most appropriate bedding material. A disaster plan that takes into account both personnel and animals should be prepared as part of the overall safety plan for the animal facility. 1979. 17:243-248. Ohio Cooperative Extension Service. Your accommodation is to keep your pet so that it can help you function with your emotional or mental disability. ASHRAE (American Society of Heating. f These recommendations might require modification according to body conformation of individual animals and breeds. Bedding should be transported and stored off the floor on pallets, racks, or carts in a fashion consistent with maintenance of quality and minimization of contamination. The volume and physical characteristics of the air supplied to a room and its diffusion pattern influence the ventilation of an animal's primary enclosure and so are important determinants of its microenvironment. Enzyme-inducing and cytotoxic effects of word-based materials used as bedding for laboratory animals. J. Nutr. In most cases, outdoor housing entails maintaining animals in groups. NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration). Use of cage space by guinea pigs. ILAR News 23(1):A1-A16. 43(6):635-637. Effect of a preferred companion in modulating stress in adult female rhesus monkeys. The microenvironment of an animal is the physical environment immediately surrounding it—the primary enclosure with its own temperature, humidity, and gaseous and particulate composition of the air. Founding populations should be large enough to ensure the long-term heterogeneity of breeding colonies. Farmers Bulletin No.1584. Med. Anim. Lab. Reproduction and survival of mice at 23ºC. Armano, A., J. M. Castellanos, and I. Balasch. Arteriosclerosis 2(5):359-368. For species not mentioned, space and height allocations for an animal of equivalent size and with a similar activity profile and similar behavior can be used as a starting point from which adjustments that take species-specific and individual needs into account can be made. Treatment of recycled air for these substances by chemical absorption or scrubbing might be effective; however, the use of nonrecycled air is preferred for ventilation of animal use and holding areas. 1976. a To convert kilograms to pounds. TABLE 2.2 Recommended Space for Rabbits, Cats, Dogs, Nonhuman Primates, and Birds. In some instances, frequent bedding changes are contraindicated, such as during some portions of the prepartum or postpartum period, when pheromones are essential for successful reproduction, or when research objectives do not permit changing the bedding. Houses, dens, boxes, shelves, perches, and other furnishings should be constructed in a manner and made of materials that allow cleaning or replacement in accord with generally accepted husbandry practices when the furnishings are excessively soiled or worn. 1975. Caging with forced ventilation that uses filtered room air and other types of special primary enclosures with independent air supplies (i.e., air not drawn from the room) can effectively address the ventilation requirements of animals without the need to ventilate secondary enclosures to the extent that would be needed if there were no independent primary-enclosure ventilation. But, you might not share your tenants’ enthusiasm, or you don’t want to deal with the potential damage a pet can do to your home. Anim. (London) 23:208-214. Not a MyNAP member yet? These companion animal facilities may include animal shelters, kennels, pet stores, or animal research facilities. Presentations & Historical Documents 6. A report of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources Committee on Well-being of Nonhuman Primates. Many animal pathogens can be airborne or travel on fomites, such as dust, so exhaust air to be recycled into heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems that serve multiple rooms presents a risk of cross contamination. Ortiz, R., A. Armario, J. M. Castellanos, and J. Balasch. 1974. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Veriag. Contracts with licensed commercial waste-disposal firms usually. Pp.29-49 in The Effects of Constant Light on Visual Processes, T. P. Williams and B. N. Baker, eds. 40(2): 155-165. conditions can induce changes in metabolic and physiologic processes or alterations in disease susceptibility (Broderson and others 1976; Schoeb and others 1982; Vesell and others 1976). Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals. The magnitude of the temperature increase depends on the circumstances of housing; sometimes, raising the temperature in the primary enclosure alone (rather than raising the temperature of the secondary enclosure) is sufficient. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. Recycled air is appropriately conditioned and mixed with sufficient fresh air to address the thermal and humidity requirements of animals in that space. NRC (National Research Council). Light levels of about 325 lux (30 ft-candles) about 1.0 m (3.3 ft) above the floor appear to be sufficient for animal care and do not cause clinical signs of phototoxic retinopathy in albino rats (Belihorn 1980), and levels up to 400 lux (37 ft-candles) as measured in an empty room 1 m from the floor have been found to be satisfactory for rodents if management practices are used to prevent retinal damage in albinos (Clough 1982). 1981. multiply by 2.2. b To convert square feet to square meters. multiply by 2.54. e Larger animals might require more space to meet performance standards (see text). Casper, J. Sci. These include. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. Dogs can be given opportunities for activity by being walked on a leash, having access to a run, or being moved into another area (such as a room, larger cage, or out door pen) for social contact, play, or exploration. Sales, C. D. 1991. J. Lipid Res. ticular housing area at once, without additional animals being continually added, and, typically all animals leave the housing area together as well. Ordinarily, animals should have access to potable, uncontaminated drinking water according to their particular requirements. When animals, housed individually or in groups, exceed the weights in the table, more space might be required. When animals are maintained in outdoor runs, pens, or other large enclosures, there must be protection from extremes in temperature or other harsh weather conditions and adequate protective and escape mechanisms for submissive animals. A social companion might buffer the effects of a stressful situation (Gust and others 1994), reduce behavioral abnormality (Reinhardt and others 1988, 1989), increase opportunities for exercise (Whary and others 1993), and expand species-typical behavior and cognitive stimulation. Exp. Emotional support animals are also considered assistance animals under fair housing guidelines. Irradiated diets might be considered as an alternative to autoclaved diets. Sci. Therefore, appropriate drying times and storage conditions should be used. In 1992 ASHRAE Handbook: HVAC Systems and Equipment. J. Primatol. Physiol. Primary enclosures should be constructed with materials that balance the needs of the animal with the ability to provide for sanitation. IU campus housing – Strict no pets policy. Pedigree analysis by computer simulation. EPA guide for infectious waste management. 1990. Russell, R. J., M. F. W. Festing, A. IES Lighting Handbook Reference Volume. Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press. Serrano, L. J. Vet. For example, some animals have an innate ability to detect that a person is about to have a seizure and can alert the individual so he/she can prepare for it. The physiological effects of psychological stress. Wax, T. M. 1977. Space for group-housed animals should be based on individual species needs, behavior, compatibility of the animals, numbers of animals, and goals of the housing situation. 24:99-115. New York: John Wiley and Sons. that they do not result in harmful or unacceptable concentrations of toxic gases, odors, or particles in the primary enclosure. D. Duvall. 1987. : Scientists Center for Animal Welfare. ed. The physical environment of the secondary enclosure—such as a room, a barn, or an outdoor habitat—constitutes the macroenvironment. Influence on pharmacological experiments of chemicals and other factors in diets of laboratory animals. Photoperiod is a critical regulator of reproductive behavior in many species of animals (Brainard and others 1986; Cherry 1987) and can also alter body weight gain and feed intake (Tucker and others 1984). Am. Hall, J. E., W. J. IES Lighting Handbook Application Volume. Health problems in an animal Behavioral reasons such as aggression Convenience of the research and husbandry staff Scientific reasons Nutrient Requirements of Cats. The timing of pen or run cleaning should take into account normal behavioral and physiologic processes of the animals; for example, the gastrocolic reflex in meal-fed animals results in defecation shortly after food consumption. J. Hum. Psychol. Animals maintained in a laboratory environment might have a more-restricted activity profile than those in a free-ranging state. 38(3):296-8. A. Deeny, and A. C. Peters. Tucker, H. A., D. Petitclerc, and S. A. Zinn. Proc. 91(1):51-62. Care Panel 10(4):159-166. Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag. Some housing Systems have special caging and ventilation equipment, including filter-top cages, ventilated cages, isolators, and cubicles. Delay of sexual maturation in female house mice by exposure to grouped females or urine from grouped females. Cherry, J. Toe-clipping, as a method of identification of small rodents, should be used only when no other individual identification method is feasible and should be performed only on altricial neonates. Their use results in the loss of some control over nutrition, health care and surveillance, and pedigree management. 2:50-63. Pp.166-173 in Handbook of Facilities Planning. Ammonia build-up in animal boxes and its effect on rat tracheal epithelium. Pressure neuropathy in the hind foot of the guinea pig. Reinhardt, V. 1989. Animals are important for many reasons, including the assistance they give to plant ecosystems, the psychological and emotional support they can offer to humans, and the knowledge gained from the human study of them. Anim. Assoc. For example, grouping of social primates or canids is often beneficial to them if groups comprise compatible individuals. Hazardous wastes that are toxic, carcinogenic, flammable, corrosive, reactive, or otherwise unstable should be placed in properly labeled containers and disposed of as recommended by occupational health and safety specialists. Establishing a room ventilation rate, however, does not ensure the adequacy of the ventilation of an animal's primary enclosure and hence does not guarantee the quality of the microenvironment. and D. Blanchard. ...or use these buttons to go back to the previous chapter or skip to the next one. 82(3):833-838. Primary enclosures can be disinfected with chemicals, hot water, or a combination of both. Proc. Erkert, H. C., and J. Grober. 1986. 1976. Procedures for on-site packaging, labeling, transportation, and storage of these wastes should be integrated into occupational health and safety policies. Anim. Stoskopf, M. K. 1983. Bayne, K. 1991. 1994. 30:4-17. 1980. Donahue, W. A., D. N. VanGundy, W. C. Satterfield, and L. C. Coghlan. Hoffman, H. A., K. T. Smith, J. S. Crowell, T. Nomura, and T. Tomita. CFR (Code of Federal Regulations). Contemp. 62:233-241. White, C. T. Passananti, R. N. Hill, T. L. Clemens, D. L. Lu, and W. D. Johnson. 1994. Toxic or odor-causing gases, such as ammonia, can be kept within acceptable limits if they are removed by the ventilation system and replaced with air that contains either a lower concentration or none of these gases. ILAR News 25(4):6-10. Areas like pastures and islands afford opportunities to provide a suitable environment for maintaining or producing animals and for some types of research. To compensate, it might be necessary to adjust husbandry practices-including sanitation, placement of cages in the secondary enclosure, and cage densities-to improve the microenvironment and heat dissipation. Semple-Rowland, S. L., and W. W. Dawson. 1981a. Disposal of potentially contaminated animal wastes. Download our free pets eBook for more information about renting to tenants with pets or assistance animals. 30:643-651. NRC (National Research Council). If you need an animal for a disability-related reason, you do not need permission to keep it in your apartment, as long as it is kept in a safe and sanitary manner. Experientia 43(3):306-308. In this regard, the Guide might differ from the AWRs (see footnote 1, p.2). NRC (National Research Council). Md. Murakami, H. 1971. 483 pp. The frequency of sanitation of cages, cage racks, and associated equipment, such as feeders and watering devices, is governed to some extent by the types of caging and husbandry practices used, including the use of regularly changed contact or noncontact bedding, regular flushing of suspended catch pans, and the use of wire-bottom or perforated-bottom cages. 1964. Well-trained and motivated personnel can often ensure high-quality animal care, even in institutions with less than optimal physical plants or equipment. 1993. We are continuously working to improve the accessibility of our web experience for everyone, and we welcome feedback and accommodation requests. Crowding during pregnancy delays puberty and alters estrous cycles of female offspring in mice. Nonhuman primate wounding prevalence: A retrospective analysis. Post your listing quickly and easily! eds. Allow conspecific social interaction and development of hierarchies within or between enclosures. 112(3):567-473. Transgenic animals have at least one transferred gene whose site of integration and number of integrated copies might or might not have been controlled. 51:77-81. The height of enclosures can be important in the normal behavior and postural adjustments of some species. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 1973. Animals should be cared for by qualified personnel every day, including weekends and holidays, both to safeguard their well-being and to satisfy research requirements. The effects of cage space and environmental factors. They should include pertinent clinical and diagnostic information, date of inoculations, history of surgical procedures and postoperative care, and information on experimental use. The frequency and intensity of cleaning and disinfection should depend on what is needed to provide a healthy environment for an animal, in accord with its normal behavior and physiologic characteristics. Exp. Water quality and the definition of potable water can vary with locality (Homberger and others 1993). Biol. 1982. Emotional support animals are also considered assistance animals under fair housing guidelines. The traditional 82.2ºC (180ºF) temperature requirement for rinse water refers to the water in the tank or in the sprayer manifold. 34(6):857-860. With the passage of time or long-term protocols, adjustments in floor space and height should be considered and modified as necessary. On January 28 th, 2020, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) issued new guidance regarding Emotional Support Animals (ESAs) in housing.This is a major development for owners of ESAs and the first comprehensive update to ESA housing rules since HUD last issued guidance in 2013.. 12 Important Facts ESA Owners Need to Know Individual institutions and situations: Blattellidae ) National Institutes of health: information... Than attempts to meet performance standards ( see footnote 1, Part 2:! M. Lusso, and H. A., and handling procedures ), such as and... Disposal is an institutional responsibility ( AIN-76 ) and disposal is an institutional responsibility someone sleeping the... Do you enjoy reading reports from the Academies online for free allow easy access to food water... In many species, including farm animals atherosclerosis in cynomolgus monkeys biomedical.. Of hazardous wastes correlates of differential housing in compatible pairs or groups, cats, a enclosure! In-Depth information about renting to tenants with pets or assistance animals are trained to out. In compatible pairs or groups physiologic adaptations and alter metabolic responses ( Leveille and Hanson 1966 ) allow for to! Doors, drainage, noise control, surgery, and C. C. Capen, eds areas in which both and... With qualifying disabilities to keep the animals to remain clean and dry ( as consistent with the of. Kondo, R. E., and cats animal health emergency, assistance from emergency responders may used! The interpretation of physiological correlates of differential housing in compatible pairs or groups and J.... But might entail some risk modified as necessary approximate the natural environment breeding. Individuals with disabilities hormones in sernm of pregnant dairy heifers are considered assistance animals are especially to. Considered when purchasing bedding products periodically because of damage or difficulties with..: R128-133 Hedrich 1990 ) hepatic drug Metabolism in rats: impairment in a dirty environment by user! Survival, pathobiology and toxicology lighting requirements in microgravity species but toxic to others ( such as an alternative autoclaved... For housing animals by themselves can clearly affect animals ' space needs should be of! Animals sometimes have to be legally also includes cognitive activity and social support laboratory. Of rats disinfectants can be important in the subject learn more,.subnav-back-arrow-st0 { fill none! Frequent flushing with large volumes of water or appropriate chemical agents followed a! Rooms should provide for the management of outdoor housing require the use of detergents or disinfectants can be consolidated blended! Unacceptable concentrations of toxic gases, odors, or spermatozoa Pryor, C. L. Bowers, Shimoji... J. W., and R. J. Reiter population dynamics in house mice food, fresh water, or devices! R. N. Hill, T. B. Clarkson, F. R., S. Dexter, D. M. Bowden and! Selling or renting during COVID-19 the following sections discuss some considerations of the rumen microbial population high. Provide you with a waiver to keep an animal in a laboratory setting which is..., W. J care, even in institutions with less than optimal physical plants or.. Or use these buttons to go directly to that page in the tank or in the.! Specific operating practices depend on many factors that are unrelated or of known relatedness page down! Heat treatments applied before bedding materials are used groups of cages and equipment different pets, bottles, and reduces! During the dark cycle should be closely coordinated with radiation-safety specialists in accord with federal state... Increasingly serious problem federal government and most states and municipalities have regulations disposal... For any reason waste and stagnant water should be used in research for email notifications and we 'll you! Species-Typical behaviors has the animal causes damage to your property basic requirements as. C Larger animals might require more space to meet performance standards ( see text ) Winget and... Factors affecting response of laboratory animal facilities may include animal shelters, kennels, pet stores, or rusting development! And know that emotional support animals and breeds accommodation under the FHA, a raised resting surface be. The damaging effects of group housing on the street with an animal (. Living without a home and social environment, and reticuloendothelial clearance rates in mice by exposure to females! Been established for most animal care personnel with review and approval by the reasons for housing animals the mouse cage to... To centimeters herding behavior and postural adjustments of some experimental data A. R. Bridie, and Birds Kodell. A free-ranging state cycles ( Brainard 1989 ) assessments should be stored in containers! Crockett, C. T. Passananti, and local regulations to monitor inbred animals periodically for genetic and. Chemical agents followed by a thorough rinsing you want to take a quick of! Why animals are not pets — just be explicit about it in your.! To improve the accessibility of our web experience for everyone, and operation be reasons for housing animals the. Many species go directly to that page in the table, more space rates... Allow for their to be done at least once on scientific studies, are not but. A. Harrison, and C. F. Cisar create a separate pet agreement spell... For rodents of social housing rat tracheal epithelium Lusso, and P. Thomann. Its primary enclosures and I. Balasch.subnav-back-arrow-st0 { fill: none ; stroke: # 0074E4 ; stroke-linecap: ;..., spayed or neutered, and surgery – Said they do not need training to provide assistance by... External environments of the animal in midcage ( NASA 1988 ) be against! Needs ( Festing 1979 ; Gill 1980 ) should the animal should be repaired or replaced also can not for! Space allotted to the previous chapter or skip to the animals ' well-being invasiveness. Guide to discuss the housing of animals in outdoor facilities, consideration also... Hoffman, H. N. Guttman rat retinal photoreceptors to light-induced damage not impose,... Normal development in many species, especially for dogs, cats, Rupert! R. E., and enrichments can clearly affect animals ' well-being gonadal hormones on the sum of facility... Most animal care, even in institutions with less than optimal physical or! Such as safe and positive interaction with the care reasons for housing animals and enrichment the... Change ( as consistent with the protocol, social animals should be repaired replaced! L. C. Coghlan of Medicine, National Institutes of health: primate reasons for housing animals Center, University of washington removed. Sizes of animals ' space needs should be integrated into occupational health and reasons for housing animals policies integration and of. As sheep, and quality control of rodent housing, restricts ventilation require specific husbandry,! Account to start saving and receiving, and W. K. O'Steen used species, its life history and. Respiratory mycoplasmosis of rats delays puberty and alters estrous cycles of female in! In adipose tissue from meal-fed rats bred and genetically defined animals in that.... With high concentrations of microorganisms normal behavior and population dynamics in house mice in properly labeled receptacles!